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  1. A photocopy of the list is among the Education Department’s archives, currently held at Lynch Road, Fawkner. The whereabouts of the original is unknown. The photocopy is of very poor quality, and some names are lost in the reproduction. 
  2. C.Gaz., 29/8/1890, p. 2.
  3. Kate Darian-Smith, ‘A City in War: The Home Front in Melbourne 1939-1945’, (Ph.D Diss., University of Melbourne, 1987), pp. l60ff; Appendix 1.
  4. Edith Banks, in Heritage, 1965.
  5. Work in Carlton, (Carlton, 1988), pp. 22-3.
  6. ibid., pp. 14-5; Recollections, Mrs Hargraves.
  7. Darian-Smith, ‘Melbourne’, pp. l30ff.
  8. V&R, 1, pp. 214-7.
  9. ibid., p. 214.
  10. Argus, 3/9/1889, p. 9; C.Gaz., 13/9/1889, p. 2.
  11. C.Gaz., 27/11/1895, p. 2.
  12. Compare Ian Davey, ‘Growing Up in a Working-Class Community:School and Work in Hindmarsh’, in Pat Grimshaw et al, ed., Families in Colonial Australia (Sydney, 1985), pp. 163-72; Kerry Wimshurst,‘Child  ‘Child labour and school attendance in South Australia, 1890-1915’, in Historical Studies, 19, 1981, pp. 388-411.
  13. V&R, 1, pp. 216f.
  14. Recollections, Marjorie Jackson.
  15. AYB, 1985, p. 473. Some 3.9 million immigrants have arrived in Australia since the Second World War, of which 80 per cent have remained (p. 96).
  16. Richard Broome, The Victorians. Arriving, (Mc1\/Iahons Point, NSW, 1984), pp. 131-7, 141-5. In 1912, Premier Watts proposed to spend £150,000 to attract 30,000-40,000 migrants, especially artisans, toVictoriato Victoria, (Victorian Parliamentary Debates, 21/8/1912, p. 913).
  17. Broome, Arriving, p. 194.
  18. ibid., p.158.
  19. John Lack and Jacqueline Templeton, ed., Sources of Australian Immigration History. I: 1901-1945 (Department of History, University of Melbourne, 1988), pp. 172f.
  20. Broome, Arriving, p. 180, provides names and figures.
  21. Commission of Inquiry into Poverty, Welfare of Migrants: 1, David Cox, The Role of Ethnic Groups in Migrant Welfare; 2, Jean Martin, The Economic Condition ofMigrants (Canberra, 1975), p. 37, Table 3.1.
  22. ibid., p.20, Table 2.1. 
  23. ibid., pp. 54f. Broome, Arriving, p. 194, Table 7, provides a wider range of figures.
  24. Broome, ibid., pp. 194f.
  25. Walter Lippmann, ‘Melbourne Jewry: A profile’, in Peter Y. Medding, ed., Jews in Australian Society (Monash University, 1973), p. 19, Table 2.2. William Logan, The Gentrification of lnner Melbourne. A Political Geography of Inner City Housing (St. Lucia, 1985), p. 41, Table 5.
  26. Logan, loc. cit.
  27. John Rimmer, Carlton Community Health Service Submission, 31/3/1976 - Carlton area: Park Street, Nicholson Street, Victoria Street and Flemington Road; main residential area: north of Elgin Street, and east of Lygon Street.
  28. F. Lancaster Jones, ‘A social ranking of Melbourne suburbs’, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Sociology, 3, 1967, pp. 98f: areas of low socio-economic status tend to be areas of heavy immigrant settlement.
  29. Charles Price, Southern Europeans in Australia (Melbourne, 1963),pp pp. l08f.
  30. Cox in Welfare of Migrants, p. 30.
  31. Sam Lipski, ‘Memories of a Jewish Boyhood. Yiddish sounds, Carlton sights’, Bulletin, 8/1/1966, pp. 23-5. Hilary Rubinstein, The Jews in Victoria, I835-I985 (Sydney, 1986), pp.151f; Martin in Welfare of Migrants, pp. 107f.
  32. Ilma Martinuzzi O’Brien, Australia’s Italians, I788-I988 (Carlton, 1986), passim. Recollections, Thomas Hazell.
  33. Recollections, John Vlahogiannis.
  34. Rubinstein, Jews, p. 137.
  35. Logan, Gentrification, p.37, Table 3; p. 41, Table 5; Cox in Welfare of Migrants, p. 22, Table 2.6: employment figures of Greeks; pp. 23-4, Table 2.8: 60 per cent of Greeks who arrived between 1945 and 1972 had only primary education or less; compared to 1 per cent with tertiary education. Similar figures apply to Italians (pp. 40f), Yugoslavs (pp.54f) and Turks (pp. 70f). Approximately 34 per cent of Poles had primary education and 3.5 per cent had a tertiary education (p. 81).
  36. C. Wakefield, ‘Life in commission flats’, Yabberstick, April 1968.
  37. Logan, Gentrification, p.41, Table 5: Anglo-Saxons in North Carlton:1961: 48.2 per cent; 1971: 48.7 per cent; 1976: 63.0 per cent; professionals in North Carlton: 1961: 6.9 per cent; 1971: 17.1 per cent;1976 1976: 35.6 per cent; compare craftsmen, labourers etc: 1961: 62.9 per cent; 1971: 52.2 per cent; 1976: 35.2 per cent (p.37, Table 3). Pat Grimshaw, ed., Carlton People and Social Change, Carlton Forest Project, (Carlton, 1988), passim.
  38. Enrolments Register, PHPS Archives.
  39. Figures compiled by the Education Department show that enrolments at Victorian schools between 1937 and 1943 had decreased by approximately 12 per cent, whereas at Princes Hill the decrease was38 was 38 per cent, 41 per cent at South Brunswick, 46 per cent at Faraday Street, 20 per cent at Rathdowne Street, and no loss at Lee Street, VPRS 640/ 3575: 1944, Internal memorandum.
  40. Approximately the first 100 names of 1928 are lost. In comparison, there were 306 new enrolments in 1929.
  41. In 1937, 200 of the average 730 enrolments were Jewish, VPRS 640/3169: 5/4/1938.
  42. Recollections, Esther Neistal, Fay Ben-David.
  43. Heritage, 1963.
  44. PHSC Register.
  45. PHPS Register.
  46. 10/8/1971, Thomson to Teachers’ Tribunal.
  47. PHSC Archives. Headmaster C.Johnston to the Education Department, 14/11/1978.
  48. Shirley Randell, ‘The Disadvantaged Schools Program: A Program to improve the quality of education for the disadvantaged’, in Quality in Australian Education (Australian College of Education, Canberra,1978 1978), pp. 37-49.
  49. PHPS Archives.
  50. Recollections, G. Burrows; Age, 27/1/1989, p. 14.

...

  1. Schutt, Rathdowne Street, p. 42.
  2. Recollections, Mr Friedman.
  3. V&R, 1, pp. 1115-20.
  4. Argus, 5/2/1939, p. 4.
  5. V&R, 1, p. 1114.
  6. ibid., pp. 1115-7.
  7. VPRS 640/3338: 14/3/1940.
  8. Recollections, Don Madden.
  9. A. Gibson, 1963 Speech Night Address.
  10. Victorian Ministry of Immigration and Ethnic Affairs, Migrants’ Melbourne (Melbourne, 1978), pp. 51ff.
  11. AdC Min. ‘Special English Programme’ 1975, PHHS News, April 1975.
  12. 16/1 1/1978; PHSC Archives.
  13. Recollections, John Bluthal,
  14. VPRS 640/3169: April 1937.
  15. Recollections, F. Ben-David.
  16. VPRS 640/3918: 1949.
  17. Recollections,  Ireland, C. Hilton.
  18. Recollections, Dr John Mann.
  19. M. Strintzos, ‘Greek Girls and the Culture of Femininity. A Study of Three Melbourne Schools’ (M.Ed., University of Melbourne, 1988).
  20. Paul Kringas and Frank Lewins, Why Ethnic Schools? Selected CaseStudies Case Studies (Canberra, 1981), pp. 17f, 35f.
  21. ibid., pp. 33f.

...

  1. Dr Pearson’s speech, as reported in Argus, 2/9/1889, p. 9.
  2. C.Gaz., 24/1/1890, p. 2.
  3. Recollections, Mrs Seath.
  4. Recollections, Mrs Lord, Miss Moyes, M.Jackson.
  5. VPRS 795/1714: 5/10/1904.
  6. VPRS 795/1715: 30/4/1914.
  7. SC Min. May 1979.
  8. Ed.Gaz., 20/9/1905, pp. 37-8; 25/7/1911, pp. 231-5. 23 
  9. 23/1/1926, p. 26.
  10. Argus, 19/5/1933, p.12.
  11. V&R, 1, p. 1184.
  12. VYB, 1919-20, pp. 180-1.
  13. C.Gaz., 30/10/1891, p. 2.
  14. Recollections, M.Jackson.
  15. ibid.
  16. VPRS 640/3918: 16/11/1949.
  17. McShane acted as drill instructor until a physical education teacher was appointed in 1891, C.Gaz., 18/12/1891.
  18. V&R, 1, pp. 996-7.
  19. Argus, 22/9/1911, p. 6.
  20. Recollections, M.Jackson. VPRS 796/631: 1/2/1922.
  21. V&R, 1, pp.991-2. ,
  22. V&R, 1, pp.99l-3.
  23. Heritage, 1961.
  24. C.Gaz., 17/7/1891, p. 2; 24/7/1891, p. 2.
  25. Recollections, Mr Hollylea.
  26. ibid.
  27. Recollections, B. Morley.
  28. Recollections, A. Zable.
  29. Heritage 1965; Age, 25/10/1965, p. 20.
  30. VPRS 640/1811: 4/6/1891-28093.
  31. C.Gaz.,»9/5/1890, p. 2.
  32. VPRS 640/1875: 13/10/1893-39770.
  33. VPRS 640/ 2407:30/ 6/ 1914-5460; Recollections, V. Shakespeare.
  34. Recollections, Fay Ben-David;  Sawford.
  35. Recollections, M.Jackson.
  36. Heritage, 1962.
  37. C.Gaz., 2/7/1897, p. 2.
  38. VPRS 796/631: 2/5/1927.
  39. VPRS 640/2144; 28/5/1901-16715.
  40. SC Min. 17/11/1977; 27/3/1980.
  41. Heritage, 1968; PHSC Archives; Marian Turnbull, ‘Mirimbah’,Princes  Princes Hill News, 1987, Term 3, Issue 1.
  42. C.Gaz., 9/8/1895, p. 2; V&R, 1, pp. 1084-6.
  43. Age, 10/7/1924, p. 12; VPRS 640/2628:10/7/1924.
  44. AdC Min. April 1975.
  45. VPRS 640/2554: 4/4/1921.
  46. VPRS 915/154: 20/4/1930-15326; Recollections, R. Davies.
  47. VPRS 640/3169: 2/4/1936-5566, 3/6/1936-5735.
  48. VPRS 640/2955: 22/9/1933.
  49. Recollections, R. Davies.
  50. VPRS 640/2722: 5/8/1930.
  51. C.Gaz., 4/12/1891, p. 2.
  52. Heritage, 1959-64.
  53. Compare C.Gaz., 8/7/1892, p. 2; 13/10/1892 p. 2; 21/3/1893, p. 2.
  54. Recollections, T. Schwarz.
  55. Recollections, Miss Smart.
  56. Recollections, F. Mitchell.
  57. Darian-Smith, ‘Melbourne’, pp. 124-5.
  58. Recollections, R. Davies; Argus, 15/1/1931, p. 8; 30/1/1981, p. 8.
  59. Turnbull, Princes Hill, p. 11.
  60. Selleck, Tate, pp. 215-6.
  61. Hansen, Thoughts, p. 81.
  62. Recollections, Mr Hollylea.
  63. Ed.Gaz., 17/10/1939. Full, annual reports followed.
  64. Carlton Times, 8/1/1942; 18/10/1946: VPRS 640/3454: 2/1/1942; 640/3735: 1/4/1946, 8/10/1946; 640/3793: 14/3/1947; 640/3851: 25/6/1948. V&R, 1, p. 1298: amounts of money contributed by Victorian school children to the Australian Comfort Fund and Australian Red Cross.
  65. School Register: 15 parents of the 183 students who had enrolled in 1941 listed their occupation as soldier or airman.
  66. Recollections, Mr Bell.
  67. Recollections, M.Jackson.
  68. V&R, 1, p. 1291.
  69. Recollections, Gwen Rookes.
  70. Recollections  Penfold.
  71. Recollections, M.Jackson.
  72. Recollections, Max Harrop.
  73. SC Min. 15/4/1985.
  74. VPRS 640/3454: 3/6/1942. Recollections, G. Rookes; Age, 3/1/41 and 25/2/1942.
  75. VPRS 10059: 2/11/1940.
  76. VPRS 10059: 21/4/1941; 7/2/1944.
  77. VPRS 10059: 31/8/1940.

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