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ibid., pp. 54f. Broome, Arriving, p. 194, Table 7, provides a wider range of figures.
Broome, ibid., pp. 194f.
1/Valter Walter Lippmann, ‘Melbourne Jewry: A profile’, in Peter Y. Medding, ed., Jews in Australian Society (Monash University, 1973), p. 19, Table 2.2. William Logan, The Gentrification oflnner of lnner Melbourne. A Political Geography of Inner City Housing (St. Lucia, 1985), p. 41, Table 5.
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F. Lancaster Jones, ‘A social ranking of Melbourne suburbs’, Australian and New Zealandjournal ofSociologyZealand Journal of Sociology, 3, 1967, pp. 98f: areas of low socio-economic status tend to be areas of heavy immigrant settlement.
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Ilma Martinuzzi O’Brien, Australia’s Italians, I788-I988 (Carlton,1986 1986), passim. Recollections, Thomas Hazell.
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Logan, Gentrification, p.37, Table 3; p. 41, Table 5; Cox in Welfare of Migrants, p. 22, Table 2.6: employment figures of Greeks; pp. 23-4, Table 2.8: 60 per cent of Greeks who arrived between 1945 and 1972 had only primary education or less; compared to 1 per cent with tertiary education. Similar figures apply to Italians (pp. 40f), Yugoslavs (pp.54f) and Turks (pp. 70f). Approximately 34 per cent of Poles had primary education and 3.5 per cent had a tertiary education (p. 81).217
36 C. Wakefield, ‘Life in commission flats’, Yabberstick, April 1968.
37
38
39
49
50
Logan, Gentrification, p.41, Table 5: Anglo-Saxons in North Carlton:1961: 48.2 per cent; 1971: 48.7 per cent; 1976: 63.0 per cent; profes-sionals professionals in North Carlton: 1961: 6.9 per cent; 1971: 17.1 per cent;
1976: 35.6 per cent; compare craftsmen, labourers etc: 1961: 62.9 percentper cent; 1971: 52.2 per cent; 1976: 35.2 per cent (p.37, Table 3). Pat"GrimshawPat Grimshaw, ed., Carlton People and Social Change, Carlton Forest Proj-ectProject, (Carlton, 1988), passim.
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Figures compiled by the Education Department show that enrol-ments enrolments at Victorian schools between 1937 and 1943 had decreased byapproximately by approximately 12 per cent, whereas at Princes Hill the decrease was
38 per cent, 41 per cent at South Brunswick, 46 per cent at FaradayStreetFaraday Street, 20 per cent at Rathdowne Street, and no loss at Lee Street,VPRS VPRS 640/ 3575: 1944, Internal memorandum.
Approximately the first 100 names of 1928 are lost. In comparison,there there were 306 new enrolments in 1929.
In 1937, 200 of the average 730 enrolments were Jewish, VPRS 640/3169: 5/4/1938.
Recollections, Esther Neistal, Fay Ben-David.
Heritage, 1963. ‘
PHSC Register.
PHPS Register.
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PHSC Archives. Headmaster C.Johnston to the Education Depart-mentDepartment, 14/11/1978.
Shirley Randell, ‘The Disadvantaged Schools Program: A Programto Program to improve the quality of education for the disadvantaged’, in Qualityin Quality in Australian Education (Australian College of Education, Canberra,
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Recollections, G. Burrows; Age, 27/1/1989, p. 14.
Chapter Nine
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'--‘©‘.OOO\lC3U'|I-l§Q0l\Dr-*
12
13
14
15
A. Inglis, Amirah, An un-Australian Childhood (Melbourne, 1983), p. 32.
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V&R, 1, p. 330. VPRS 796/631: 31/5/1915-54; Recollections, NancyAllenNancy Allen.
Recollections, M.Jackson.
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Inglis, Childhood, pp. 33-4.
Recollections, Mr Bell.218
VPRS 795/1715: 30/4/1914.
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The average age of grade 2 students was not to exceed nine years;I grade grade 3: ten years six months; grade 4: twelve years; grade 5: thirteen
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29
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37
years thirteen years six months. By 1889, -grade 6 did not have a prescribed age. In1914In 1914, these ages were revised when the schools were reorganised intofour into four departments: junior - grades 1 and 2: children under eight years;middle middle - grade 3: nine years three months; grade 4: ten years threemonthsthree months; upper - grade 5: eleven years six months; grade 6: twelveyears twelve years six months; supplementary: grades 7 and 8: beyond twelveyears twelve years six months.
V&R, 1, pp. 216, 354.
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This allowed some Head Teachers, including Russell and Mylrea, toearn to earn a supplementary income - much to the dismay of local book-sellers booksellers (C.Gaz., 10/6/1892, p. 2; VPRS 796/631:January 1937.
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V&R, 1, pp. 114; 292f; 371. On the purpose of state education, seeJean see Jean Ely, Reality and Rhetoric: an alternative history of Australian educationeducation (Chippendale, 1978), pp. 35f.
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